Brief Discussion on Specific Information of Hydrofluoric Acid in Electrolyte

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2019-12-30

After the previous article, we learned about the specific composition of the battery electrolyte. So, next, Hisun Company will briefly introduce the specific information of hydrofluoric acid, one of the ingredients.

This product is under the control of the public security department in accordance with the Regulations on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals.

Colorless transparent fuming liquid. is an aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride gas. It is weakly acidic. There is a pungent smell. It reacts with silicon and silicon compounds to generate gaseous silicon tetrafluoride, but it does not corrode plastics, paraffin, lead, gold, and platinum. It is miscible with water and ethanol. Relative density 1.298. 38.2% hydrofluoric acid is an azeotropic mixture with an azeotropic boiling point of 112.2°C. Toxic, minimal lethal dose (rat, intraperitoneal) 25mG/kG. Corrosive, can strongly corrode metal, glass and silicon containing objects. Such as inhalation of vapor or contact with the skin can form more difficult to heal the ulcer.

① Safety measures

Leakage: quickly evacuate the personnel from the leakage pollution area to the safety area, isolate them and strictly restrict access. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and acid and alkali resistant overalls. Do not touch the leak directly. Cut off leakage sources as much as possible to prevent entry into restricted spaces such as sewers and flood discharge ditches.

Small amount of leakage: mixed with sand, dry lime or soda ash. It can also be washed with a large amount of water and diluted with washing water into the waste water system.

Large leakage: build embankment or dig pit for storage; transfer to tank car or special collector by pump, recycle or transport to waste treatment site for disposal.

② Fire extinguishing method

Combustibility: non-combustible

Extinguishing agent: mist water, foam.

Fire fighting precautions: firefighters must wear oxygen breathing apparatus, wear protective clothing.

③ Emergency treatment

Inhalation: quickly leave the scene to fresh air. Keep the airway unobstructed. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration immediately. Medical.

Ingestion: gargle with water for those who take it by mistake, and drink milk or egg white. Medical.

Skin contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of flowing water for at least 15 minutes. Medical. Or, immediately remove contaminated clothing and rinse with dipotrine, or hexaflurine if it is a fluorine-containing acid. Seek medical attention.

Eye contact: immediately lift the eyelid and rinse thoroughly with plenty of flowing water or normal saline for at least 15 minutes. Or use dipotrine eyewash (if it is fluorine-containing acid, rinse with hexaflurine) for medical treatment.

④ Physical and chemical properties

Hydrofluoric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride gas, which is colorless and transparent to light yellow smoking liquid. There is a pungent smell.

It has weak acidity, but the ionization degree when it is concentrated is larger than that when it is dilute, which is different from the general weak electrolyte. Corrosive, the teeth, bone damage is more serious. It is highly corrosive to silicon compounds. Should be stored in a closed plastic bottle.

With HF dissolved in water. It is used for engraving glass, cleaning residual sand on castings, controlling fermentation, electropolishing and cleaning corrosive semiconductor silicon wafers (mixed acid with HNO3). Because of the relatively strong ability of hydrogen atoms and fluorine atoms, hydrofluoric acid cannot be completely ionized in water.